CJUS 330 Test 2 Liberty University

1. In crimes of violence such as assaults, robberies, and rapes, Hispanic women report what percentage of these crimes to the authorities?
2. Dharun Ravi, a freshman at Rutgers University, used a webcam to spy on his gay roommate’s dorm- room sexual encounters and streamed the video (Shallwani, 2012; Slane, 2015). A few days later, his roommate Tyler Clementi, a talented young musician, committed suicide. These events quickly became the subject of intense national interest, and Ravi was charged under New Jersey law with hate crime, invasion of privacy, witness intimidation, and bias intimidation (but not murder). What was the basis of the government’s case?
3. The three most prominent defendant characteristics used in the discussion of crime and crime policy are:
4. Which of the following court participants is supposed to stand at the center of the criminal court drama?
5. Felony defendants are most likely to be:
6. Some see the victim’s movement as providing needed support for victims of crime.
7. Victims and witnesses are generally eager to work with the criminal justice system.
8. Witnesses generally feel that the police, prosecutor, and judge explain witnesses’ rights and duties properly.
9. As prosecutorial dominance increased in the United States, the power of victims declined.
10. Some studies focusing on victims have identified ways in which the courts have ignored the interests of victims and witnesses.
11. Which of the following is billed as the world’s largest law firm?
12. The U.S. attorneys serve as the nation’s principal litigators under the direction of the attorney general. One U.S. attorney is assigned to each of the judicial districts, with the exception of Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, where one serves both districts. Each U.S. attorney is the chief federal law enforcement officer of the United States within his or her particular jurisdiction. How many U.S. attorneys are stationed throughout the United States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands?
13. Which framework maintains that sentencing decisions are made by standards of blameworthiness, protection of the community, and the practical constraints and consequences of the sentencing decisions?
14. What is the title of the head of the Department of Justice?
15. Which of the following is NOT a name given to the prosecutor?
16. The role of the prosecutor involves little discretion.
17. Law schools provide an overview of the law on the books, but give their students very little exposure to the law in action.
18. Programs aimed at improving police–prosecutor relationships and community prosecution are two contemporary examples of the expanding domain of the prosecutor.
19. The three major agencies involved in prosecution in state courts are the state attorney general, the chief prosecutor, and the local prosecutor.
20. An officer of the court has a duty to see that justice is done.
21. Which of the following statements is true regarding the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Gideon v. Wainwright?
22. Which method of providing legal representation for indigent defendants has been found to violate the Fifth and Sixth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution by at least one state supreme court?
23. Like many other provisions of the U.S. Constitution, the Sixth Amendment has a different meaning today than it did when it was first ratified. In a landmark decision, the U.S. Supreme Court held that, based on the Sixth Amendment’s provision of right to counsel, indigent defendants charged with a felony are entitled to the services of a lawyer paid for by the government (Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963). Later, the Sixth Amendment right to counsel was extended to juvenile court proceedings as well (In re Gault, 1967). But as so often happens, answering one question raised several new ones. Which of the following issues did the court wrestle with following the Gideon decision?
24. Because of the numerous sanctions that may be applied to defense attorneys, they are forced to take which kind of posture?
25. In which of the following cases was it decided that juveniles are covered by the Sixth Amendment’s right to counsel?
26. Lawyers must always do what their clients ask them to do.
27. Prosecutors prefer to deal with inexperienced defense attorneys.
28. A mentally ill defendant may never represent himself in criminal court.
29. Defendants may view their public defender as similar to the prosecutor.
30. Getting along with clients is one of the easiest parts of being a public defender.
31. An increasing number of federal court vacancies have been filled by women since whose presidency?
32. According to Sally Kenney (2012), what does having women on the bench add to the institution?
33. Which minority has the largest representation on benches of state court?
34. If the proceedings went to trial, who would conduct the trial?
35. Which form of judicial selection requires judges to face a retention ballot after a short time in office?
36. Critics of judicial elections assert that they are fundamentally inconsistent with the principle of judicial independence.
37. Judges are never elected.
38. Most judges are newcomers to political life; most have little (if any) political experience.
39. If state judicial conduct commissions find merit to a complaint about a judge, they often implement formal sanctions immediately.
40. Judges are controlled by the courtroom work group.
41. Explain the difference between absolute immunity and qualified immunity for prosecutors.
42. In general, “justice delayed is justice denied.” Explain the meaning of this phrase and how it affects defendants. What steps have legislatures taken to deal with the problem of court delay? Have these steps been effective?