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CJUS 330 Test 1

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    Liberty University

    CJUS 330 Test 1 Liberty University

    1. Which Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures?
    2. Coercive police practices are a violation of this essential element of due process.
    3. Much of the Bill of Rights has been made applicable to the states through the:
    4. Mens rea refers to the:
    5. The organization of prosecutors in the United States is consistent across the state and federal criminal justice system.
    6. The term “dual court system” refers to separate state and federal courts.
    7. In the crime control model, one goal is to process defendants quickly.
    8. The mental state required for a crime to have been committed is referred to as the actus reus.
    9. The United States has a dual court system consisting of:
    10. The administrative policymaking organization of the federal judicial system, composed of 26 federal judges, is the:
    11. percent of the research budget of the National Institute of Justice is spent on developing new technology for law enforcement and the criminal justice system.
    12. The Prison Litigation Reform Act resulted in all of the following, EXCEPT:
    13. Federal district court judges must be residents of the district in which they preside.
    14. Prior to the Civil War, the U.S. Supreme Court was required to hear every case that was appealed to it.
    15. Appellate courts are considered finders of fact.
    16. A basic rule of American politics is that citizens’ demands for service exceed the willingness of voters to raise taxes to pay for those services.
    17. Which of the following represents a clear disadvantage of localized control of justice?
    18. Intermediate courts of appeals do which of the following?
    19. Which of the following statements is true about drug courts?
    20. Intermediate courts of appeals must hear all properly filed appeals.
    21. Caseloads of lower courts is more than __________ a year.
    22. Most criminal cases do not go to trial.
    23. Recent studies show that drug courts have a positive impact.
    24. A century ago, state courts systems included only a single appellate body—the state court of last resort.
    25. Beginning around 1890, members of the Progressive movement advocated a variety of political, economic, and social reforms. They were genuinely concerned about the economic disparities, social disorders, and excesses of industrialization, particularly as they affected children. Progressives denounced the evils of child labor and pushed for legislation banning the practice. They were likewise appalled by the violent and exploitive conditions of reform schools. The fact that orphans were thrown into reform schools for the uncontrollable circumstance of having no parents shocked the Progressives’ moral values. Taking up the plight of the children of the urban immigrant poor, they argued that these children were not bad but were corrupted by the environment in which they grew up. Which doctrine allowed the Progressives to use the juvenile court to help children?
    26. Juveniles were denied the right to a jury trial by the Supreme Court in 1971 in which case?
    27. What was the charge against Gerald Gault?
    28. The state that has the youngest age of juvenile court jurisdiction over delinquency matters is __________, at age 6.
    29. About ten states have enacted laws that grant exclusive jurisdiction over certain crimes to adult court regardless of the age of the offender.
    30. In status offenses, the child is charged with violation of a criminal law that is not based on age.
    31. Generally speaking, juvenile courts do not utilize jury trials.
    32. Juveniles accused of serious offenses, or who have a history of repeated offenses, may be tried as adults.
    33. The problems in prosecuting and convicting Barker indicate __________ is often needed in interpreting the law.
    34. A discretionary decision based on decision makers’ values and attitudes reflects:
    35. Each of the following are actors in “corrections” EXCEPT:
    36. Women make up approximately what percentage of judges in the United States?
    37. Plea bargaining predates any of the modern problems of the courthouse.
    38. The clerk of court is also referred to as a prothonotary, register of probate, and clerk.
    39. Bail bondsmen have their offices outside of courtrooms.
    40. The same differences of opinion about crime that characterize society as a whole likewise divide courthouse actors.
    41. Contrast the due process and crime control model
    42. Contrast civil and criminal law proceedings.